English leans on nouns and prepositions; Chinese flows on verbs. Translationese is what you get when the English skeleton shows through the Chinese skin — every word correct, the whole thing stiff.
这正是英文里 Helen Sword 所说的 zombie nouns(僵尸名词)——把动词、形容词变成抽象名词,句子就失去了行动的主体,像被抽干了血。中文的"进行/加以"和英文的 conduct/make/achieve 是同一种病:用一个无意义的动词撑场面,真正的动作却被埋进名词里。还原的方法只有一步:把名词还原成动词,删掉那个空壳。
进行(空动词)+讨论(名词)→讨论(实动词)
"作出决定" → "决定";"加以审查" → "审查";"实现优化" → "优化"
修改示范
我们对该方案进行了讨论,并对其细节作出了优化。我们讨论了这个方案,并优化了细节。
请对代码加以审查,对潜在风险予以评估。请审查代码、评估风险。
We conducted an investigation of the issue and made a decision.We investigated the issue and decided.
适用场景 + 常见错误
✓ 公文、汇报、纪要——万能动词的重灾区
✓ 英译中、AI 生成稿(模型尤其爱写"进行/实现")
✗ 误区:以为"进行"显得正式专业——其实只显得空
✗ 例外:少数已凝固的搭配(如"进行时""加以利用"在特定语境)不必硬改,标准仍是有没有实义
"Nouns formed from other parts of speech are called nominalizations… they sap the energy from your sentences." — Helen Sword, Zombie Nouns (NYT, 2012). The English cousins are conduct, perform, achieve, make.
Going forward, we will leverage cross-functional synergies to optimize stakeholder value.Next quarter, support and engineering will share one bug queue, so customers get fixes in days, not weeks.
适用场景 + 常见错误
✓ 周报、OKR、全员信、晋升材料——最容易滑进八股的文体
✓ 用"可证伪测试"自检:反过来说没人会反对 = 废话
✗ 误区:以为套话"安全"——其实读者一眼看穿,反而显得心虚
✗ 误区:把"具体"误解为"啰嗦",于是退回宏大词避难
"The great enemy of clear language is insincerity… Political language is designed to make lies sound truthful and to give an appearance of solidity to pure wind." — George Orwell, Politics and the English Language (1946).
English has its own version: Anglo-Saxon plainness vs. Latinate formality. "We shall endeavour to ascertain the facts" → "We'll find out." Borrow the music of an older register, never its pomposity.
大模型的训练语料里,公文、报告、英译中文本占比极高,而这些正是翻译腔与八股的重灾区;模型又倾向于"安全、正式"的表达,于是默认产出"进行优化""高度重视"这类稀释句。所以 AI 初稿尤其需要本期的六项体检——把"进行/作出/加以"搜一遍,把可证伪测试跑一遍。人机协同里,人最该补的就是这种"母语语感"的最后一道过滤。